2018年11月浙江高考英语阅读B篇分析

摘要

浙江英语高考摘要写作指导 浙江英语高考概要写作

浙江英语高考摘要写作指导 浙江英语高考概要写作

高考英语试题整体题型结构当中，阅读理解回答问题（包括本文将要评述的阅读理解四选一试题）占据高考试卷相当的比例。一线教学当中也会使用此类试题作为评价英语学习的方式，那么如何判断一篇英语阅读理解试题的优劣呢？本文以2819年11月浙江高考英语阅读理解B篇作为实例来进行客观分析。

文章首句22个词。并非是一个短句。而且句中没有生僻词汇，也没有复杂句式。但是却没有出现本文的主题词汇summer vacation 。却巧妙地运用了forget about classroom bells and set off for grandparents homes, sleep-away camps and lifeguard stands这样的描述，引出了下面可能的主题。此处正常来说不会设立命题点，因为单从本句看，没有命题点需要的支撑信息。甚至读者也可以跃过此句直接阅读下文，因为接下来的but summer vacation 提示主题内容开始描述了。首句中可以通过阅读学习的短语为forget about ，set off for，sleep－away camps，life guard stands。如此处欲命题的话可以命制一个简单推断题，但是干扰项不好设计。而此句在写作情感上属于比较欢快的文字，用于句首平衡了文章在语意上的表达风格。

接下来But引出的转折意义并非是首句的直接转折而是引出本文的核心阐述脉络。以三个关键转折时间点为依托，突出summer vacation 的发展历程，以及每一个阶段的特点。也就是说从此处开始文章主要以时间顺序来描述。层层递进。

个时间点Before the civil war ，关键信息neither of which included a summer vacation ，rural ，……。此处命题人命制24题：

24. What did the rural school calendar before the Civil War allow children to do?

A. Enjoy a summer vacation.

B. Take a break each quarter.

C. He 48 weeks of study a year.

D. Assist their parents with farm work.

本套试卷阅读理解部分命题人均采用了问答式提问。大约看了一下提问风格，没有特别的测试学角度意义，应该只是命题人的个人喜好而已。本题题干部分信息很完整了，个人甚至认为因为题干信息提示过多，这条题目的干扰项会是一种“倾向于绕脑的考查”，而不是纯粹的对文章主题信息的理解程度的考查。看选项，BC项是描述当时的 school 相应情况的，所以题干限制在rural上，A项的设置还是比较好的，有对于文中信息neither of which 部分的一个理解误判的可能性。是D项。

接下来是时间标志词in the 1840s，而命题人也是根据三个时间发展段的相关信息来设计命题点的。文章脉络没有特殊分析价值，看试题25题干依然是全包含具体信息题干，educational reformers ，in the 1840s，基本就完全制约限制了读者的思维，只需要根据提示回读原文信息即可。此题的特点是，选项B项的设置为原文信息段Rural(农村的）schooling was divided into summer and winter terms, leing kids free to with the farm work in the spring planting and fall harvest seasons.和本段中that rural schooling was not enough ，甚至可以说直接根据后者就可以否定，这种干扰项命题方式属于民间所说的原文信息反面paraphrase ，既然not enough，自然不能再shortenen 了，此干扰项的设置还可以算作阅读理解范围内的可能误判而出现的信息误点，尽管选项内容和题干内容的信息提示都过度具体，但是可以接受。C项在原文信息链中是不存在相关信息支持的。从原文介绍summer vacation 到此处promote the study of farming，基本没有逻辑和思维关联性。原文提示farming calendar 是改革的措施之一。D项也是“张冠李戴”式的干扰项设置，原文it offered a rest for teachers，而rest则在summer vacation 的信息链条上。这就是信息链条紧密结合相关主题的阅读模式，可以有助于此类阅读理解命题的理解和解答。A。A项的确认可以从文章发展脉络以及第二段整体信息可以推测出来，也就是“先无后有”，而通过常识也知道summer vacation 是存在的了。

25. What did the educational reformers do in the 1840s?

A. They introduced summer vacation.

B. They shortened rural school terms.

C. They promoted the study of farming.

D. They aocated higher pay for teachers.

按照时间发展顺序看接下来一段信息，modern age，为了便于直观理解把本段内容过来：But people's opinion about the modern U.S.school year, which erages 180 days,is still divided. Some experts say its pleasant but lazy summer break, which took hold in the early 20th century, is one of the reasons math skills and graduation rates of U.S. high schoolers ranked well below erage in two international education reports published in 2007. Others insist that with children under increasing pressure to devote their downtime to internships（实习）or study, there's still room for an institution that protects the lazy days of childhood.看段落衔接词But从语篇分析角度这是一个对于之前信息的转折，也就是说，上面的信息内容传递的核心含义在此段会有转折性的表述，此处以people’s opinion 的形式出现，而首句中的180days，school year暗示期也是180days，根据逻辑解读判断，此期时间是比较长的。而此句当中divided的运用说明相关观点是有分歧的，所以26题当中提到了some people unhappy 也就是其中一部分人的观点。看接下来的一个长句Some experts say its pleasant but lazy summer break, which took hold in the early 20th century, is one of the reasons math skills and graduation rates of U.S. high schoolers ranked well below erage in two international education reports published in 2007. 首先作者采用了expers的观点，且提到了two international education reports published in 2007，作者如此写作的目的是为了证明观点的权威性，增加可信度。pleasant but lazy 即可以根据紧接着的举例而肯定所要强调的是lazy带来的后果。此句尽管略长，但没有影响阅读的生僻词汇和句式，所以基本可以掌握传递的信息。到此处可以完成26题：

26. Why are some people unhappy about the modern U. S. school year?

A. It pushes the teachers too hard.

B. It reduces the quality of educatiSecond, we go to see the Chimpanzee. He is very big, he speaks”cici—cici--” ,like bees. Look, I am a e of a chimpanzee.on

C. It ignores science instruction.

D. It includes no time for internships.

因为接下来文章的观点属于解决问题的办法，所以和26题关联不大。此题的作答方法就是直接从题目到原文到正确。不要细致琢磨干扰项，因为正确可以直接判断，防止扰和节约作答时间。为B。

简要总开头应能抓住读者的注意力，读者读下去。结：

本文文本选取还是可以的，内容为中学生相关，且具有跨文化异性，可以辅助了解美国中学summer vacation 的相关信息。文章写作风格比较平铺直叙，按照时间顺序进行罗列，因此结构比较清晰，围绕核心话题论述比较紧凑，信息链明确。但由于文章风格是细节描述非常多，所以留给读者的深层次阅读和推理审辨阅读理解的空间不大。命题人全部设置了完全细节问答模式，把阅读者思维限制在局限范围内。题目设置优点在于干扰项的设置，大多比较巧妙（通俗说比较绕），避免了细节题目可能的弱干扰或者无效干扰。本篇作答特点是题干——原文——正确。尽量减少在干扰项上的徘徊。

高考英语概要写作题目

Luckily, the earthquake was not hey and it didn’t last long. And we were all safe.

概要不论是英语还是中文写作中，要简单地在高考上概括出来还是有一定的的难度的。下面是我给大家整理的与范文，供大家参阅!

范文

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. Howr, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.

In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular er was though to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to oid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.

Though the belief in the merit 好处 of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a n neighbor r since the 18 century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of prnting disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness he moved beyond science since World War II. Aertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths r softer, suces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, howr, gone too far?

Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist 免疫学家, encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune . And the latter 后者 ition is gaining some ground.

原创范文，仅供参考

One sible version：

People he mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. 要点 1 For a long time in history, people of some European countries, such as France, belid that dirt protected people from getting ill. 要点 2 Howr, people began to change their attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago. People he been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy. 要点 3 Howr, some scientists beli that exure to some dirt may our immune . 要点 4

高考英语概要写作点拨

【范文点拨】

一要点分析

1. 文章段就是本篇文章的主题句，亮明了总的观点：Howr, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. 换句话说：Different people he different attitudes towards dirt. 再结合下文谈到的主题可知Different people he different attitudes towards dirt on the skin. 范文中的要点1“People he mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. ”概括非常精炼。

2.第二段主要谈到了在16世纪，人们认为dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease，尤以英、法两国的贵族为代表。结合第三段句Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a n neighbor r since 18 century.可知，直到18世纪之前，人们都认为dirt是很“友好的”，有助于预防疾病。范文中的要点2 “For a long time in history, people of some European countries, such as France, belid that dirt protected people from getting ill.”很好地总结了这些要点。

3. 第三段用Though引出人们对dirt观点的转变“…since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health.”再结合本段一部分Aertisements repeatedly sell the idea…可得出要点3“Howr, people began to change their attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago. People he been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy.”

4. 文章一段句指出，现在人们对于dirt的态度还是有所不同，On the contrary引出专家的观点，一位免疫学家认为dirt有助于增强免疫系统。这一观点获得了一些支援。范文中的要点4“Howr, some scientists beli that exure to some dirt may our immune .”表达很恰切。

二 要点连线

文章概要，在写完了要点之后，下一步的工作就是要把这些要点用适当的连线词进行连线，使上下句之间具有连贯性。本篇文章整篇结构是总分的结构，要点2和要点3在观点上截然相反，因此，之间需要表示转折的连线词，范文用了Howr恰到好处。要点3和要点4在观点上又存在不同，因此，还是用表转折的连线词Howr。不过我认为，此处用Nrtheless可以避免三句话内出现两次Howr。

三 汇

段：fixed 确定的;不变的 第二段：means 手段，方法, block out 挡住, open up 开启, upon ……之后;立即 第三段：long-lived 长期存在的, sell the idea 说服某人接收某个观点 第四段：warn off 某人不要靠近, ition 观点, gain some ground 取得优势

以上这些对于整篇文章的理解与转化成自己的语言都很关键，如果不能准确领会其用意，语篇理解的效果会大打折扣。所以，概要写作的基础是理解语篇，而读懂语篇的基础是词汇，尤其是对汇的掌握与运用。在此基础上，综合运用语法与句法结构，按照行文逻辑组织语言，形成概要。

二、题型解读

1.题型介绍

◆选材特点

1所需阅读的短文词数在350以内;

2所选材料体裁没有限制，以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。

◆评分参考

阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：

1对原文要点的理解和呈现情况;

2应用语法结构和词汇的准确性;

3上下文的连贯性;

4对各要点表达的性情况。

注意：理解准确，涵盖全部要求，完全使用自己的语言，准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇，得分相应比较高。相反，如果概要写作部分出现两句以上整句抄自原文现象，得分档次将会大大降低;所写内容与所提供内容无关不得分。

2考查能力

3写作步骤

1细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨和结构，明确各段的大意。

2弄清要求。新高考的概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。

3列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。

4在写作时要特别注意下面几点：

1概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。

2安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字The foundation is calling for a 25 cent tax on plastic bags in California.写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。

3注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。

4不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。

5计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。

4.备考建议

概要写作，其实我们考生并不陌生，在日常的英语教学中，教师经常让学生就所学英语课文逐段概括段落大意或者复述课文，这在一定程度上都为概要写作打基础。除此之外，作为考生，还要注意以下几点：

1积累常见的同义短语和句型转换，掌握并运用单词、短语和句型。“巧妇难为无米之炊”，即使有再好的写作技巧，如果没有相应的基础词汇和句法知识，也很难写出概要写作的上乘之作。因此，考生要在基础词汇和句法知识上下功夫，以不变应万变。

2 进行适度地专题练习。有地进行适度练习有利于考生快速掌握概要写作的要点，找到概要写作的感觉，冲破对概要写作的不适感。平时可多关注往年的高考阅读文章，进行结构分析和主旨概括训练。可按文体和题材，分类训练篇章结构的布局，增强对文章上下文连贯性的把握。概要写作首先要掌握各种文体的写作特点和框架。如：

记叙文：what / who / when / where / why / how

说明文：phenomenon / problem + reason + solution cause and effect, introduction of an object how it is made, how it is used, how it may change, what makes it new or significant

： a focus on the first paragraph and the first and last sentences of the other paragraphs

综合以上分析可知，新高考更加重视考查考生高中阶段英语基本技能的掌握情况，也注意考查考生进入高等学校继续学习的潜能，目标是利用高考命题的导向功能推动新课程的课堂教学改革。

》》》》下一页更多精彩“与范文”

如何在高考英语写作文中得高分

尽管我一贯反对“投机取巧”，但是突然觉得考前做些有针对性的准备还是有必要的。去年的宇航员上天这个话题，大家可以准备一下啊。可以准备两种类型的作文，一种是议论文，先叙述一下的航天事业的成就，然后发表一下自己对太空探索事业的看法和理由。或者是书信，给杨利伟或者写信，说说自己的对航天事业的看法和理由。

大家不妨写一下啊，呵呵。看看能不能把我教过大家的一些亮点词汇和句型用上去。我写了一篇范文，用词和句型尽量简单一些，大家可以参考一下。给的航天英雄杨利伟写信，表达你的祝贺和对太空事业的看法。

Dear Mr.YangJune 19, 2004

It is with the most sincere pleasure I write to congratulate you on your becoming the first Chinese greeting to mankind’s mother planet from outer space. Today, our country’s centuries-old dream of journeying to outer space has finally come true. People from all walks of life, with no exception to me, take a pride in being Chinese and your fellow countrymen.

As the rocket soared into the sky, your name joined those figures such as Gagarin in space history. You deserve this honor, for you were subject to unimaginable hardships and challenges before the successful launch of the Shenzhou-5 spacecraft.

I am fully convinced that it makes a lot of sense for our country to attach importance to space exploration. The space inA．cars in the B．car rental firmsdustry has had and is going to he a great impact on China in scientific, political and military areas.

May you he health, happiness and outstanding success in all yourI writing the letter to complain about I bought the shoed recently. ventures.

Respectfully yours,

Frank

浙江专升本英语考试先写作文

There are many books in my family, father and mother, and many of them are mine. These books are thick and thin. In my book, what I like most is Tang Sulan's school life of the wolf.

1. 专转本英语作文多少分 1、各省份的考试形式不一，分为统考和校考两种，以江苏为例：

[写作要求]

江苏专转本总分400分。 文科类、艺术类： 大学语文150分，英语150分，计算机基础100分。 理工科类： 高等数学150分，英语150分，计算机基础100分。 英语类： 大学语文150分，英语150分，计算机基础100分。 日语类： 大学语文150分，日语150分，计算机基础100分。

2、统招专升本是指普通高等院校的专科学生结束专科阶段的课程学习之后，根据当年和发展改革委（）编报的《全国普通高校招生》和《全国普通高校分学校分专业招生》（招生人数控制在各省当年普通全日制专科应届毕业生总人数的5%及以内），各省普通高等院校公布招生人数、各省级行政部门统一组织的考试，选拔普通专科应届毕业生在毕业之前三年级第二学期参加由省教育考试院组织的统一考试（部分省份为本科校方出卷），按原专业或相关专业升入本科院校继续进行正规本科教育的制度。

2. 浙江省专升本语文作文相当于什么水平

今天晚上，我们在自贡观看恐龙灯会，感觉还真不错。

一到门口，两只“招财兔”就在眨眼，欢迎着我们的到来。虽然天已经黑了，但卖小灯笼的店铺把整个广场照得亮闪闪的，金碧辉煌。灯笼挂在大路两旁，整整齐齐。

个吸引我的是郁金香花灯，它巨大无比，足有十几米高，有五个巨大的花瓣。它亮晶晶的，还可以变色呢！有时变成红色，有时变成蓝色，有时变成紫色和绿色，有时红蓝相间……让人看了满心欢喜。花的周围是一些桃树，树上结满了五颜六色、闪闪发光的花，真是火树银花不夜天啊！

水上展区体现了童趣，小孩走水桥时，还经常被转来转去的鲨鱼灯给吓着。湖面上鲜花朵朵，我最喜欢的是荷花，各式各样，有的还开得特别漂亮，真是美不胜收！

一路走过我们又来到了一个特别的展区，那就是太平洋展区。展区有几头高大无比的大象，气势强大，迈出大腿昂着头，仿佛在向我们走来。它们都是由无法计数的盘子和杯子做成的，那技术真不容易，平常人做，很容易塌陷下来。大象后面是精美绝伦的九龙壁，你看，壁上的龙姿态各异，张牙舞爪。它们是用各色盘子、杯子做的，还可以动呢！

水上第二展区也很壮观，它就是嫦娥奔月的故事，后羿骑着猛兽在射天上的太阳，嫦娥服下仙丹慢慢，啊！我就像到了神话仙境，真是觉得舒服！我不禁吟起诗句，此景只应天上有，人间难得几回观。

我不知这些灯是怎么做的，也想学会怎么做，这些技巧还真难学，想不到工人叔叔真辛苦，真应该向他们学习这种精神！

3. 帮忙写一篇专升本的英语作文 急用 谢谢大神们

- As a college student,managing time properly is an important lesson I should learn first.Diffrent from the high school,college offers students more and interestings to dlop.After all,professional knowledge is the most important task in college. How to ma our life successfully is a task we must deal with. -There are some points we need to do to ma time. -Firstly.Pull your focus in study and make sure you are trying your best. It will lead you to success quickly. -secondly.Take an active part in social activities in your spare time.that's a good way to enlarge your circle of friends. . . -Finally,。

4. 求几篇专升本英语作文范文

（导入话题） Our opinions are divided on this topic.（观点有分歧） 正文： 第2段：Most of the students are in four of it.（正方观点） Here are the reasons. First。 Second。

Finally。（列出2~3个的理由） 第3段：Howr, the others are strongly against it. （反方观点） Their reasons are as follows. In the first place。

What's more。 In addition。

（列出2~3个反对的理由） 结论： 第4段：Personally speaking, the aantages overweigh the disaantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.（个人观点）オ 2.“A或者B”类议论文模板： 导入： 第1段： Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, howr, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more aantages. 正文： 第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that 。 Another reason is that。

（赞同A的原因） 第3段： Of course, B also has aantages to some extent。 （列出1~2个B的优势） 结论： 第4段： But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that 。

（得出结论） オ 3.观点论述类议论文模板： 导入： 第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题 As a student, I am strongly in four of the decision. （亮明自己的观点是还是反对） The reasons for this may be listed as follows. （过渡句，承上启下） 正文： 第2段：First of all。 Secondly。

Besides。（列出2~3个或反对的理由） 结论： 第3段：In conclusion, I beli that。

（照应第1段，构成"总—分—总"结构） 4."How to"类议论文模板： 导入： 第1段：提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题 正文： 第2段： Many ways can to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all。 Another way to solve the problem is 。

Finally。（列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法） 结论： 第3段：These are not the best but the only o/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to。

（强调解决此类问题的根本方法） 四、图表作文写作模板 The chart gives us an overall picture of the 图表主题. The first thing we not is that 图表特点 . This means that as （进一步说明）. We can see from the statistics given that 图表细节一 . After 动词-ing细节一中的个变化， the动词-ed+幅度+时间（紧跟着的变化） . The figures also l us that图表细节二 . In the column, we can see that accounts for （进一步描述）. Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that （结论）. The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that （给出原因）. / It is high time that we （发出倡议）. 五、图画类写作模板：2010年高考英语作文模板 1.开头 Look at this picture./The picture shows that。/From this picture, we can see。

/As is shown in the picture。/As is seen in the picture。

2.衔接句 As we all know, 。/As is known to all,。

/It is well known that。/In my opinion,。

/As far as I am concerned,。/This sight reminds me of soming in my daily life. 3.结尾句 In conclusion。

/In brief。/On the whole。

/In short。/In a word。

/Generally speaking。/As has been stated。

浙江高考英语热议_浅谈高考英语命题中“平行结构”的应试策略

[写作要求]

Paralleli(平行结构)是英语中常用的一种修辞手法，即将结构相同或类似、意义相关或并重、语气亦前后一致的语言成分平行并列在一起，从而达到结构整齐、节奏鲜明、加强语气的效果。换句话讲，就是通过语言的形式把语言的内容更好的表现出来。常见的平行结构连词有and，but，or,as well as，both…“and，neither…nor,either…or，not only…but(also)，as…as，not…but等词。这些并列连词能够连接多个平行的词、短语、分句或者从句。

平行结构不仅是表达语言美的一种重要手段，而且是高考命题常见的命题方式，在高考英语的各个题型中占有重要的地位。高考NMET中曾多次出现考查平行结构的试题，我们可以通过分析句子结构中并列连词前后的形式、意义以及语气，从而快速、准确地解题。根据对最近十多年高考英语试题的分析和总结，笔者对平行结构在高考英语命题中的相关题型及应试策略做一具体的列举和阐述。

一、形式一致的平行结构 平行结构的典型标志是有"and，“or”，“but”，其前后有两个或两个以上的并列成分。平行结构在单项填空、短文改错题型中的解题思路为：当上述并列连词连接两项或多项对等成分时，这些被连接的成分必须是同一词性、同一形式。特别要注意出现三项以上(含三项)的并列成分。例如：

1．I was often a little tired after a day’s work andwatch TV demands very little effort．(1999年全国卷短文改错) 解析：这是由and连接的两个并列分句，后一分句demands的主语应该用watching充当，表示“看电视”这一抽象行为，而不能用动词原形watch。

2．One learns alanguage by mistakes and＿＿＿them．(2001京皖春季高考卷) A．correct

B．correcting C．corrects

D．t0 correct 解析：选B。并列连词and连接两个动名词短语 mistakes和correcting them，作介词by的宾语，使其and前后形式一致。

3．Howr,we seldom felt lonelv or lessly．(2004年天津卷短文改错） 解析：loneIy和lessly两词形式上都是以-ly为后缀，但是lonely是形容词而lessly是副词。or连接的平行结构词性要一致，此处felt为系动词，后面要用形容词，构成系表结构，所以lessly应改为less，以保持or前后词性平衡。

4．The house belongs to my aunt but she＿＿hereanymore．(2006年全国卷)

A．hash’t lived

B．didn’t live

C．hadn’t lived

D．doesn’t live

解析：选D。but连接两个并列句，个分句谓语动词belongs属于一般现在时态，but后的分句也用一般现在时态doesn’t live来表达以保持but前后分句的时态平衡。

二、语义相关的平行结构

一方面，平行结构连接的多个部分在语义上是接近的或递进的，因此，在高考的完形填空或阅读理解中，如果被测试词语、语句出现在平行结构的语境中时，我们就可以从熟知的词语、语句中推测或替代被测试部分的词义和语义。另一方面，英语学习者也可以利用平行结构语义上相关的特点，遇到生词时，只要能辨认出其中的某一两个，就能理解文章的意义而不必知道生词的具体意义，从而提高阅读理解速度和理解能力。例如：

1．Howr,in 1964，a Russian scientist said that theAbominable Snowman was ＿＿ and was a remaining linkwith the prehistoric hHlnans．(2001年全国高考完形填空) 49．A．imagined B．real C．special D．familiar 解析：选B。一位科学家说雪人是真实的(real)，然后才能说雪人和至今尚存的史前人有关系(aremaining link)，而非想象的(imagined)，特别的(spe-cial)，不熟悉的(familiar)，故选B。

2．Although the family often joked about that,Ed re-fused to buy a＿＿T-shirt or to lose weight．(2003年全国高考完形填空) 44．A．clean B．larger C．straight D．darker 解析：选B。对于Ed所面临的问题。按照常理给出两种解决问题的办法：要么减肥(lose weight)，要么买件新T-shirt，为解决stomach ballooned out的问题，新买的T-shirt自然应该比原来的“大”一些才行，其他3个选项虽然与T-shirt也都有关系，但与上下文语义不符，故选B。

3．The largest playe――Shanghai Bashi Touri CarRental Center offers a wide variety 0f chos―― deluxesedans，minivans，station wagons，coaches．Santana sedansare the big forite．(NMET2001阅读理解A篇)56．The words“deluxe sedans。minivans”and“stationwagons"used in the text refer to＿＿．

C．cars for rent

D．car makers

解析：选c。短文中个破折号用来解释，第二个破折号表示列举。列举对象deluxe sedans，minivans，station wagons，coaches属平行结构，识一词而辨其他。再加上“桑塔纳是的车型”的诠释，可以推断deluxe sedans．minivans and station wagons是出租汽车公司提供的几种车型，故选C。

4．Fermat’s Last Theorem(定理)，first put forward bythe French mathematician Pierre de Fermat in the sn-th century，the theorem had baffled and beaten thefinest mathematical minds，including a French woman sci-entists who made a major aance in working out the prob-lem．and who had to dress like a man in order to be able tostudy at the Ecole Polytechnique．(2003全国卷阅读理解C篇)

65．Which 0f the following best explains the meaning0f the word“baffle"’as it is used in the text?

A．To encourage people to raise questions．

B．To cause difficulty in understanding．

C．To provide a person with an explanation．

D．To limit people’s imagination．

解析：选B。从句中可以看出Fermat的定理使得数学头脑的科学家绞尽脑汁(beat)，并且在句中beaten和baffled处于同等的并列关系，两词语义上应是接近的，根据后者beaten这一熟知信息可以推测出被测试词语baffle表示“使困惑、难倒、难以理解”的意思，由此选B。

三、语气一致的平行结构

前后语气一致的平行结构的考查在单项填空、短文改错题型中也曾出现。例如：

1．One of the sides of the board should be paintedyellow，and＿＿．(2000京皖春季高考卷)

A．the otheris white

B．another white

C．the other white

D．another is white

解析：选C。两者中的另一个的表达方式是one．．．the other，从A和c中考虑。and连接两个并列分句：选项A是陈述语气描述客观情况――“是”，而题干中one of the sides 0fthe board should be painted yellow显然是一祈使语气，表示主观上的建议“应该被漆成”，因此后面的分句应表达为the other side should be paintedwhite，承前省略should be painted，故选C。

2．I followed her a and should put down 100words or so each day．(2003年全国卷短文改错) 解析：此句是一个简单句，followed和should put是并列谓语。从意义上判断，全句描述客观情况谓语应该用陈述语气。should put这一形式表达主观上的看法，因此要去掉should，保持"and"前后语气一致。

四、语言优美的平行结构

书面表达中应用平行结构能够有效地使上下文增强连贯性，语言得体而优美，从而能够体现出考生较强的语言运用能力。例如2006年全国卷I中关于介绍校图书馆的基本情况的Possible Version：

Our library is the center of the schoo1．There is abeautiful garden in front of it and our classroom building isright behind it．The library is big．When you get inside．youwill see many shelves full 0f books on different subjects．There are also lots of newss and magazines．Weborrow books and do some reading in the library．Accordingto the rule，ry student can borrow up to 5 books eachtime and keep them for 1o days．It is open from 9 am to 7pm from Monday to Friday and closed on weekends．

此文共8个句子用了多达5个平行结构，由此可见平行结构在高考英语命题中的地位的重要性。

五、结束语

平行结构通过并列连词连接两项或多项对等成分，提供了具体的语境。加强对平行结构的理解和掌握，灵活运用平行结构有助于英语学习者有效地理解句子乃至整篇文章的意义，从而在高考英语中迅速找准解题角度，顺利而准确地解题，同时，对平行结构的灵活应用更有利于提高英语学习者的学习效果和英语应用水平。

([写作要求]编辑：符 洁)

如何指导高中学生的英语写作

We will do whatr we can to him out. 我们要尽力帮助他摆脱困境。

1．教师要有明确合理的教学和教学程序，组织系统规范的有序训练。

3．语态互换

2．帮助和要求学生养成积极主动地坚持英语写作的良好习惯。

3．坚持循序渐进的训练原则。写作要先易后难，先短后长，先学会运用简单句、并列句，后学会用复合句表达，先写正确句子逐步过渡到围绕一个人、一件事、一个观点去写有中心的文章，由不限定时间到限定时间，由限定时间长到限定时间短，由限定字数少到多……

4．分程度要求。对学生的要求不能一刀切，对学习好的要求要高，对学习的要求要适当低一些。要避免有些学生轻而易举垂手可得，而有些学生又可望而不可及的情况发生。

5．注意讲评。要经常指出优点，以利模仿，指出缺点，警示避免。

6．鼓励，耐心帮助生。充分利用板报、专栏进行作文展览，或者也可采用传阅方式进行。但不能放弃或岐视生，要经常帮助他们树立信心，掌握写作方法和技巧。

希望能帮助到你，望采纳！

高考英语重要知识点：写作重点句型

2010年高考英语作文模板 一、英语书信的常见写作模板 开头部分： How n to hear from you again. Let me l you soming about the activity. I'm glad to he received your letter of Apr. 9th. I'm pleased to hear that you're ing to China for a visit. I'm writing to thank you for your during my stay in America. 结尾部分： With best wishes. I'm looking forward to your reply. I'd appreciate it if you could reply earlier. 二、口头通知常见写作模板 呼语及开场白部分： Ladies and gentlemen, May I he your attention, please? I he an announcement to make. 正文部分： All the teachers and students are required to attend it. Please take your notebooks and make notes. Please listen carefully and we'll he a discussion in groups. Please e on time and don't be late. 结束语部分： Please e and join in it. Everybody is wele to attend it. I hope you'll he a n time here. That's all. Thank you. 三、议论文模板 1.正反观点式议论文模板 导入： 第1段：Recently we've had a discussion about wher we should。

本文是 考 网写作翻译频道 为您准备的《高考英语重要知识点：写作重点句型》请大家参考!

(1)、疑问词+r whatr, whor, whichr, whenr,

wherr, howr用来让步状语从句，相当于no matter和what, who, which, when, where, how连用。

[例句]

Whatr (=No matter what) may happen, we shall not lose hope.

无论发生什么事，我们都不能失去希望。

Whatr reasons you (may) he, you should carry out a promise. 无论你有什么理由，你都应该遵守诺言。

Whor (=No matter who) comes, he will be warmly welcome. 无论谁来，都会受到热烈欢迎。

Whenr (=No matter when) it happened, it was certainly not yesterday.

此事无论发生在何时，但绝不是昨天。

Whenr you (may) call, you will find her sitting by the window. 无论什么时候你去找她，你都会看到她坐在窗边。

Wherr (=No matter where) he went, he made friends with people.

Whichr (=No matter which) of them you many choose, the quality will be the same.

他们当中不论你选哪一个，品质都一样。

Howr (=No matter how) hard I he tried, I can't find the answer.

(2)、whatr, whor, whichr, whomr等名词性从句，这时不能用no matter+疑问词替换。

[例句]

Take whichr you want. 你要哪个就拿哪个。

I'll show you whatr you want to see. 你想看什么我就给你看什么。

Whor did this job must be rewarded. 无论谁做这件事都要得到报酬。

Whor walks around in such a hey rain will catch a cold. 任何人在这种大雨中行走都会患感冒。

You may invite whomr(口语中常用whor代替)you like to the party. 你可以邀请你喜欢的人来参加晚会。

Take whatr magazines you want to read. 你可以取阅任何你想读的杂志。

倒装结构

句型22

全倒装句型(一)

here, there, out, in, up, down, now, then, away等副词放在句首，句子需要全部倒装

[例句]

There goes the bell! = The bell is ringing. 铃响了!

Here comes the bus. =The bus is coming. 汽车来了。

Now comes your turn to make a short speech. 该轮到你发言了。

Away went the thief when he saw the pol.

Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. 我们期盼的时候到了。

[注意]

(1)在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词，像go, come, rush, live, stand, lie等。

(2)主语是人称代词时不要倒装。如：Away he went. 他走远了。

句型23

全倒装句型(二)

表示方位的状语放在句首，句子全倒装;谓语动词多为be, lie, stand, sit, come, walk, run, stop etc. 不及物动词。

[例句]

On a hill in front of them stands a great castle. 在他们面前的山上矗立着一座巨大的城堡。

In front of the house stopped a pol car. 房子的全面停着一辆警车。

Around the corner walks a young polman. 拐角处有个年轻的警察在行走。

Under the tree sat a boy of about ten. 在树下坐着一个大约10岁的男孩。

句型24

全倒装句型(三)

(表语)adj. / v-ing / v-ed +(地点状语)+ be(或其他动词形式)…

So adj./a…that…如此……以至于……(so的句子倒装，而that的句子不倒装!) (这种结构是半倒装句。)

[例句]

Present at the meeting were the mar, all the designers and the writer. 出席会议的有，设计师和词作者。概要写作，简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意，也可称之为摘要。写概要时，读者要是把文章的具体资讯用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句，更不是把细节性资讯作为中心，而是要通过对文章中的单词、片语和句子进行合理转换，对文章的具体资讯进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取的能力，同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要资讯的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。

Fastened to the pole is the National flag. 旗杆上有一面国旗。

Hidden behind the door were some naughty children. 有几个顽皮的孩子藏在门后面。

Sitting at the back of the classroom were sral old teachers, listening attentively to the new teacher. 坐在教室后面的是几位老教师，他们在认真地听新教师的课。

Gone are the days when farmers lived in the poor houses.

农民住在破旧房子里的日子过去了。

Typical for China is the crosstalk show, where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play. 相声是典型的喜剧，两个演员通过玩弄词藻来逗乐观众。

So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.

他说英语非常清晰，别人都能听懂他的话。

So fast does light trel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光运行非常快，我们几乎无法想象它的速度。

浙江卷高考英语续写作文

2. 逐一地进行翻译，不是用简单句，而是要刻意地去想。

1. 2019高考英语满分作文 2018·全国Ⅰ卷 定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。

请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 到达时间； 2. 合适的礼物； 3. 餐桌礼仪。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【满分范文】 Dear Terry, How are you doing? In your last letter, you asked me about being a guest to a Chinese friend's home. Now, I am writing to rm you of some relevant details. To begin with, according to our tradition, you are suped to arrive early, so that you can the family prepare the dinner, which is meaningful and interesting. Besides, you'd better bring some gifts, like a book or a Chinese knot. What's more, when you are enjoying the meal, you need to oid noises while chewing food. Hopefully, these suggestions would be ful for you. I he the confidence that you will he a great time. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 2018 · 全国Ⅱ卷 你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英语短片Growing Toger，内容包括： 1. 短片内容：学校的发展； 2. 放映时间、地点； 3. 欢迎对短片提出意见。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【满分范文】 Not In order to he a better understanding of our school, an outstanding English short movie about our school will be shown in the library from 2:30 to 4:00 in the afternoon on June 9th. It is anized by the Student Union. Here are some relevant details about it. To begin with, the name of the movie is Growing Toger, which is about the dlopment of our beloved school. As we all expect, it will be not only meaningful but also interesting. What's more, ryone of you will be wele to take part (participate) in it, enjoying the movie, hing a heated discussion afterwards and giving your own ments. The Student UnionJune 2018 · 全国III卷 定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter 来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信，内容包括： 1. 学校的体育场馆； 2. 主要的运动项目； 3. 你喜欢的项目。

注意： 1. 词数100左右： 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【满分范文】 Dear Peter, I am exceedingly delighted to hear from you. You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following rmation may give you a rough sketch. To begin with, a fabulous new stadium has been built up, which has bee the new landmark in our school. Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports nts are able to be held, of which ping-pong, football as well as running petitions enjoy great popularity. As for me, I'm intoxicated with basketball since it has been giving me strength to confront the challenges in my life. All in all, I sin议论文：opinion / idea + argument supporting ideas / reasonscerely invite you to e to our school and see for yourself. Yours, Li Hua 2018 · 卷 · 节 设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对文化感兴趣，明年来上大学。

他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示欢迎； 2. 他上哪所大学； 3. 建议他做哪些准备工作。

注意：1. 词数不少于50; 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【满分范文】 Dear Jim, I'm so glad to hear your future education plan in Beijing in your last letter. First I would like to express my warmest wele to you and I am sure you will he the most unfettable experience during your college in Beijing. Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best universities in China. Its Chinese Literature major is perfect for you where you can be pley soaked in Chinese profound history and rich culture. As for preparation, some reading in aance in needed like The Story of the Stone while some online courses of spoken Chinese can be ful for you to adapt into the Chinese language environment. I sincerely hope your dream will e true and it's my pleasure to show you around in Beijing when that day es. If you he further questions, please feel free to let me know. Yours, Li Hua 2018 · 卷 · 第二节 设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述你们上周接待外国学生，带领他们体验茶文化的全过程。

注意：词数不少于60。 【满分范文】 Last week, we took the foreign students in our school to experience the a。

2. 2010浙江高考英语作文例文

2010高考英语作文：浙江卷作文参考范文2010-08-10 14:19浙江卷

最近，李越被评为你们班的“每周之星”。请你根据她的事迹（在上周六下午，不顾天气的炎热，为班级选购歌咏比赛服装），用英语为班级板报写一篇100—120个词的短文。

你的文章应包括下列要点：

1. 李越的事迹及其对同学的影响；

2. 你的评论。

注意：1. 文章的标题和开头已给出（不计词数）。

3. 参考词汇：singing contest 歌咏比赛 costume 服装

Star Student of the Week

Li Yue has been awarded the title of “Star Student of the Week ” for what she did for our class . ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

Star Student of the Week

Li Yue has been awarded the title of “Star Student of the Week” for what she did for our class. On the hot afternoon of last Saturday , Li Yue went downtown and walked from one store to another, looking for the costumes we would wear in the singing contest . While the rest of us were enjoying our leisure time in cool and fortable rooms , she spent the whole afternoon searching and selecting . Finally , she found the right clothes . Deeply moved by her efforts , we tried our best and won the first prize in the contest .

Li Yue is always warm-hearted and cares a lot about the class . Besides , she often devotes her spare time to ing others . She deserves the honor and we should learn from her .

3. 求一篇09年高考浙江卷的英语作文范文

Today is a sunny day . Father, mother and I go to the Beijing Wild Animals Zoo.

First, we go to see the monkeys. There are many monkeys here. They are very interesting .Some are eating, some are swinging along the chains, others are fighting. Only one is sitting on the wood plank, she is very fat, I guess she has a baby in her belly.

Then , we go to see the animals show. I like monkeys and lions best. Monkeys can ride bikes. One monkey is very funny, when the we his the monkey rides as fast as he can, but when the man doesn't see him, he falls down to the groud and he a rest. Here e the lions. The lions can jump through the fire ring, they are not afraid of fire at all.

After show, we get on a car with iron to see wild animals. We see brown bears, they are swimming in a pond. I feed the vegetables to the deers ,giraffs and zebras. Oh, there is a tiger in front of our car. We throw the meat to the tiger, he is very happy, he runs to the meat and eats it.

Off get the car, I see many people are taking pictures with a baby lion! I want to take a pictures with him ,too. Mom is worried , but Daddy says OK, I run to the baby lion quickly , I hug the lion and Mum takes pictures for me.

What a wonderful day !

4. 新高考英语作文续写 英语作文续写怎么写

人们常说“书籍是人类进步的阶梯”，我也这样认为。书确实给了我不少的益处。想想那些有书陪伴的日子，我学得自己真是一个幸福的孩子。

书籍，还记得我们一起走过的日子吗？虽不是大起大落，却也刻骨铭心；虽不是天长地长，却也回味无穷。和你在一起，让我领略到了范仲淹那“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”的抱负；李白那“天生我材必有用，千金散尽还复来”的自信。还让我知道了高尔基的天才出于勤奋的经典名言警句。

书籍，我已和你走过多少个日日夜夜，是你让我感受到了知识的广博，我在你身上一点点地汲取着知识。

5. 用英语写一篇有关浙江

The ubiquitous plastic shopping bag, so handy for rything from toting groceries to dising of doggie doo, may be a victim of its own success. Although plastic bags didn't e into widespread use until the early 1980s, environmental groups estimate that 500 billion to 1 trillion of the bags are now used worldwide ry year.

Critics of the bags say they use up natural resources, consume energy to manufacture, create litter, choke marine life and add to landfill waste.

"Every time we use a new plastic bag they go and get more petroleum from the Middle East and bring it over in tankers," said Stephanie Barger, executive director of Earth Resource Foundation in Costa Mesa, Calif. "We are extracting and destroying the Earth to use a plastic bag for 10 minutes."

A bill that would he imed a 3 cent tax on plastic shopping bags and cups was sidelined in the California Legislature last year after hey opition from the retail and plastics industries.

The plastics industry took a "proactive stance" by working with retailers to encourage greater recycling, rather than "putting on taxes to address the problem," said Donna Dempsey, executive director of the Film and Bag Federation, a trade association for the plastic bag industry.

6. 求一篇09年高考浙江卷的英语作文范文

Student Volunteers Brought Sunshine to the Elderly On May Day, Li Yue and Zhang Hua, students from Class Three, Grade Two, went to Sunshine Nursing Home and did some voluntary work. Upon their arrival, Li Yue and Zhang Hua were warmly weled, and respectfully, they presented the elderly with flowers and fruits. Then, they started working at once, cleaning the windows and sweeping the floor. Everything done, they sat in the yard chatting with the elderly people. When it was time for the volunteers to lee, the elderly people thanked them for their kindness. They said it was such a beautiful day that they would remember it forr. Li Yue and Zhang Hua were very happy. What they did has brought joy to others and enriched their own lives.By Chen Jie, School News。

7. 浙江英语高考中的续写可以用到哪些高级句式

1. Hearing / Seeing / Feeling ….， he/she….（句首）2. What made the（精） man feel delighted/u（锐）pset/frightened/depressed/astonished was that …..（情感）3. Without your assistance, I wouldn't he succeeded/ survived.（结尾）4. Only ….. did he/ she realize that ……（道理）5. Related to this is the truth that we should ….（总结）。

8. 高中英语作文续写一段作文是写规划人生畅想未来现在已经写了规划内

I'm going to be a good doctor after I graduate from the university。

I beliI'll bring my parents health and happiness。 In my spare time,I'll stay with myfamily。

We'll trel a lot and do lots of sports。I'll also read as many books asI can for I want to improve myself。

Even if I work,I will nr give up studing。 I'm sure my dream will e true because of my hard work and the life inthe future will get better and better。

9. 2016年浙江省新高考信息优化卷三英语,我只想知道作文怎么写

Last sunday. I and my father, mother, grandparents, brother went to jiuhuashan

by bus. In the morning we came down the mountain. I saw wooded mountains, wild flowers bloom. We climb up the hill along the mountain path. Come halfway up the mountain, I feel a little tired,it began to rain,My West Lake silk umbrella missed,. Dad said to me,“Jane, don't do anything halfway.”at last,So I insisted reached the top, the top of the scenery so beautiful.We were flying kites, I was thirsty, my mother bought me a bottle of water, .finally we went home.finally,Since then, I've kept the umbrella。i was very happ

浅析如何在英语课堂对学生进行写作指导

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

论文 ：高中 英语 课堂教学 写作指导

(7)Sb.argues/maintains/holds/insists/belis that...Now more and more people share this belief.

论文摘 要:在问卷调查和访谈的基础上,探讨学生对课堂写作教学的反馈及相关问题,提出了可供教师参考的提高学生 英语写作 能力的策略和训练方法。

在 英语学习 的过程中,强化语言的产出能力(Productive Competence)是语言学习的主要目的之一。而且,语言的输出(Language Output)能力——说与写,相对来说要比语言的输入(Language Input)能力——听与读,更加难以提高。

本文以调查为基础,探讨高中英语写作教学的现状及写作能力的训练与提高问题。通过数据分析与比较,找出提高英语写作教学的相关策略,以达到提高学生书面表达能力的目的便是本文的主旨。

一、语言的产出能力与信息加工理论

我们常常把语言的书面表达理解为一个信息加工的过程。这个过程包括接收信息、组织信息、加工信息和产出信息。从广义上来讲,这也是语言学习的过程。所以我们认为写作技能的训练也就是信息加工过程中各个环节的指导与训练。语言的学习是信息加工的理论已经被人们广泛接受。信息加工是心理学和心理学方面的一个术语。在这一过程中人们通过不同渠道获得的信息在记忆中得到储存、组织和提取。信息加工理论的研究包括记忆的研究、解码与验证设的研究及学习者用目 标语 表达思想的策略的研究。

在认知心理学领域最有影响的信息加工理论模式是John Anderson(1983)的ACT(adaptivecontrol of thought)模式。[1]它基于记忆的类型:种是“knowledge that”——即你要了解某一方面的知识，如英语动词的过去式有三种主要形式。第二种是“knowledge how”——即你要掌握这些知识的具体内容。如怎样构成动词的过去式。语言学习常常始于种类型,即首先我们要知道英语动词的过去式有三种主要形式，然后要掌握三种形式的具体构成方法。这种模式对于语言教师来说，既具有说服力又具有实践意义。KeithJohnson (1996)阐述到自动化和信息加工理论对语言的教和学都有一定的影响。[2]Hallidy有关语言的论述不仅同这一理论密切相关而且还探讨了它在交际教学中的作用。[3]从他们的一系列理论与分析中，我们可以确信第二语言或者外语的写作就是信息加工的过程。

二、调查的方法与问卷的设计和作

本调查采用应用语言学研究中的定量与定性分析方法,通过调查问卷和访谈形式获得相关数据,进行实证论述。通过对数据的分析,了解高中英语课堂写作教学的现状,提出解决问题的建议和策略。

问卷共包括两个部分:部分是关于教师课堂教学的有关问题。旨在了解教师是如何指导学生的写作训练的,重点放在了哪些方面。第二部分是学生对写作的看法,他们认为提高写作能力的困难是什么,他们自己是如何进行写作训练的。

a("conten"); 共2页: 上一页 1 2 下一页

高考英语基础写作技巧

备战高考，对于英语的写作技巧不掌握一点怎么行呢?下面是我给大家整理的高考英语基础写作技巧，供大家参阅!

高考英语基础写作技巧 一、基础写作题的特点

高考设置基础写作题目的目的是要检测考生最基础的书面语言表达能力，如用词的合理性、句子结构的复杂度、语法运用的正确性、信息内容的完整性、句子之间的连贯性等。

1. 写作题材贴近考生的学习和生活。

历年来高考作文题的题材都非常贴近考生的学习和生活，如校园活动、校外见闻、交友、旅游，和考生有关的话题讨论等。

让我们先回顾五年以来基础写作的话题。

2. 写作的体裁主要是故事性描述和应用文。

基础写作题的体裁主要有故事性描写和应用文写作两大类。命题形式可能是看图写故事、看图表说明、根据表格信息完成一封短信或一份通知这类的应用文等。

3. 内容呈现的方式具有半封闭性。

基础写作题是半封闭的，其特点是写作的内容是被规定了的，考生必须将文章所规定的信息点完整、全面地表达出来，但对于语言表达的方式、信息组织的先后秩序、需要补充哪些必要的信息等，考生又有一定的自主构思空间。

4. 用5句话表达。

基础写作只能用5句话来表达题目所给的全部信息点，用5个简单句很难完成任务，必须使用复合句或并列句来综合多个信息点，而且还要照顾句子之间的衔接和语意上的连贯。

二、写作技巧及顺序

由基础写作题的特点可以看出，它对考生提出了一些新的要求。

1. 通篇浏览，把握整体。

浏览文章信息，并对其处理，将其分割成五句话，做到哪句话包含哪些信息。主要考察应试者的信息组织能力。

信息组织能力包括信息归类、信息排列和信息表达三个环节。

首先，对于题目所提供的各种信息点需要依照一定的标准将信息进行归类，并初步将哪些信息放到同个句子中;

其次是将信息进行合理的排列，排列必须依照一定的标准，如时间顺序、空间顺序、因果关系、递进关系等;

第三是选择信息表达的秩序，确定句子之间的先后关系，这既要考虑语法上能否衔接，还要考虑语意上的连贯。在组织信息的过程中，还要对某些信息进行必要的增删，使文章意思连贯、语言畅通、逻辑严密。

2. 集中兵力，各个击破。

在部的基础上，把五个句子逐一写清楚，包含所需信息。在组织句子时注意一下几点：

a) 一个句子首先要找清楚主谓宾，然后想办法拓展这句话，把其他的信息加进去。运用复杂句子的能力。

b) 一个句子有且一个谓语(并且谓语)。

改错：

主要考察Look out for cars when crossing the street.应试者运用复杂句式的能力。

类是复合句，包括含有名词性从句的复合句，含有定语从句的复合句，含有状语从句的复合句。

例：

More than 50% of the students in China are short-sighted, which ranks the first in the world.

第二类是并列句：

具有递进关系的并列句， 如由and，then，besides，in addition, furthermore，moreover, what’s more等连接的并列句;

具有转折关系的并列句，如由but，howr，on the contrary, after all等连接的并列句;

具有平行选择关系的并列句，如由both…and…，as well as，as well，neither…nor…or，either…or…，not only…but also…等连接的并列句。

例：

More than 50% of the students in China are short-sighted and it ranks the first in the world.

第三类是一些特殊句型，如使用非谓语动词、强调句、倒装句、含有with复合结构的句子、there be开头的句子、以形式主语it开头的句子等。

例：

More than 50% of the students in China are short-sighted, ranking the first in the world.

c) 想办法为作文加分。

1. 多多使用各种连词，使文章更为连贯。

顺接/递进：Firstly/ secondly/thirdly, besides, in addition, what’s more, what’s worse, what’s more important, moreover, also, finally, last but not least,.

转折：but, howr, nrtheless(然而), yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, while

原因：because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, due to

结果：so, therefore, as a result, so that, then, so ?that, such ?that

总结：to sum up, to conclude, in conclusion, in summary, finally, in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking,

2. 多使用高级词汇，句式和短语进行变换，不要重复使用一个句式和短语。同时要注意避免常见错误：

1)不要为了减少句数而不断使用逗号，一定要通过从句，连词，非谓语等来减少句数。 如：It was raining hard, they could not work in the fields. 改为：

It was raining hard, so they could not work in the fields.

They could not work in the fields, because it was raining hard.

2)时态错误：一定要根据文章的语境判断该使用的时态

高考英语基础写作技巧实战 实战演练一

用不同的句型写出下面的句子。

经历 心情

被接纳为亚运会志愿者 兴奋

01 同位语从句： The news that I was accepted as the volunteers for the Asian Games made me very excited.

02 宾语/主语从句： It made me very excited / I felt very excited that i had been accepted as the volunteers for the Asian s.

03 状语从句： When i heard that i had been accepted as the volunteers for the Asian Games, i felt very excited.

04 定语从句： I was accepted as the volunteers for the Asain Games, which made me very excited.

05 非谓语动词： Hearing that i had been accepted as the volunteers for the Asian Games, i felt very excited.

06 普通连词：I was accepted as the volunteers for the Asian Games and i felt so excited about it.

07 倒装句/强调句：It was last week that i was accepeted as the volunteers for the Asian Games and I felt so excited about it.

实战训练二

节 基础写作 (共1小题，满分15分)

设你是你校校园广播站的记者，请根据以下内容给广播站写一篇英语。

[写作内容]

参考词汇：改革开放 reform and opening up

1. 只能使用5个句子表达全部所给要点;

2. 中不得提及考生所在学校及本人姓名。

To celebrate the great achiments in the past 30 years of reform and opening up，a speech contest organized by Senior Two was held in the gymnasium of our school on the afternoon of March 15th, 2010. More than 1200 people were lucky to listen to the speeches on the spot, including all the teachers and students in Senior 2, the leaders of our school and parents of some students. Eigh contestants / candidates from different classes in Senior Two delivered wonderful speeches very fluently. Some of them talked about the great changes which had taken place in our country through their personal experiences and others sang high praise for the wise policy of reform and opening up by comparing the present of their hometowns with the past. This activity made us more confident and proud of our country and we all made up our mind to study harder to build our country more beautiful.

实战训练三

基础写作

设你是李华，昨天下午参加了英语才艺大赛(Talent Show)，并获得一等奖。以下是参加情况及获奖感受：

1. 看别人比赛时：紧张;

2. 自己表演时：想起Mike数月的努力与帮助，冷静;

3. 在最有挑战的问答环节：谨记Mike的建议，顺利;

4. 宣布结果时：兴奋，遗憾Mike不在场。

[写作内容]

请根据以上介绍，给回美国度的外籍教师Mike写一封感谢信，内容包括：

1. 告知获奖;

2. 介绍参赛情况;

3. 表达获奖感受。

只能用5个句子表达所给的全部内容。信的开头与结尾已给出。

[评分标准]

句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

Dear Mike

Please accept my warmest thanks. I look forward to your return to China.

Yours,

Li Hua

Dear Mike,

I’m writing to let you know that I won first prize in the English Talent Show yesterday afternoon. Before it was my turn I watched the others and got very nervous. But when I was on the stage, I thought of all your efforts to me during the past few months and gradually calmed down. Although the question-and-answer section was the most challenging, I got through it quite oothly by remembering all your suggestions. When the judge announced the result I was very excited but it was really a pity you were not there.

Please accept my warmest thanks. I look forward to your return to China.

Yours,

Li Hua

2013年广东省高考英语作文

Ⅳ 写作(共两节，满分40分)

节 基础写作(共1题;满分15分)

你接受了一项写作任务，要为英语校报写一篇时事快讯。

[写作内容]

请根据以下信息，写一(7)Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。篇关于火星的快讯。

志愿者的选拔

到2015年，在全球选出约30名去火星的志愿者

志愿者的条件

至少18岁

做好不回地球的准备

愿与他人保持良好的关系

专家观点

火星条件太艰苦

面临严寒气候、孤独和恐惧

志愿者观点

厌倦地球生活，想体验火星生活

如果成功，就是人类英雄

火星：the Mars

只能用5句话表达全部内容

[评分标准]

句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章连贯

2012年广东高考英语作文

Ⅳ 写作(共两节，满分40分)

节 基础写作 (共1小题;满分15分)

你接受了一项写作任务，要为英语校报写一篇人物介绍。

【写作内容】

请根据以下信息，介绍一位传奇人物

姓 名：Allan Stewart

国 籍：澳大利亚

出生日期：15年3月7日

世界纪录：2006年获硕士学位时年龄

学习态度：挑战自我，永远为时不晚。

个学位：1936年获得

第二个学位：医学博士

第三个学位：80多岁时决定学习法律，2006年获得硕士学位。

第四个学位：2012年通过网络学习获得，善于合理安排学习时间，受到老师表扬。

硕士学位：’s degree; 博士：doctor

只能用5个句子表达全部内容

[评分标准]

句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章连贯。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

高考英语写作指导 1、高考写作的实质——变相的考察句型与词汇的灵活应用

英语写作不同于语文作文的写作，如果说语文作文是一个自由发挥的舞蹈，那么高考英语写作就是带着枷锁在跳舞。我之所以这样来形容，是因为高考英语写作的内容都已经通过文字、表格、这三种形式给定大家了，内容方面，不需要学生进行发挥，大家所需要发挥的就是给这个不变的内容不要老去穿毫无变化的校服(简单句)，而要去穿一些不一样的衣服，让它显得不那么单调，让判卷老师能看到不同，而那些所谓的衣服也就是多变句型与词汇。

2、写作的评分标准——怎么去迎合评卷老师的胃口

我了解到目前很大一部分学生的作文都处在15分左右，写作满分25分，15分也就是个及格分，而很多学生都是为了提分才来到了新东方，那么15分和20多分的作文到底在哪里?这个问题很容易回答。15分的作文中规中矩，该对的都对，包括内容要点的完整，语法与词形的正确，但是全都是很简单句子的一个堆砌，没有任何的亮点。而20多分的作文句型词汇方面就做了很好的包装，它的句子穿的衣服已经不是校服，而是李宁、耐克，或者是阿迪，所以让人觉得很“拽”，而高考英语写作要的就是这种很“拽”的感觉。

3、写作提分的三要素——句型，连词，高级词汇

句子是我们写作文的单位，有了漂亮的句子，用好的连词将其连句成段，在加上一些如星星般亮点词汇的点缀，一篇好的高考英语作文就有了。而这三个因素中最容易把握的是句子，最难的是高级词汇，限于大家的词汇还比较有限，一篇文章中出现那么一两个就够了。我们应该把重心放在句型上，因为这个最容易把握。

但是大家又有这样的困惑，学校里老师也给了我们很多的句型啊，动辄成五十上一百句的，大家背的挺多，但是面对考试的时候，发现背的那些怎么也用不上。其实不是那些东西没有用，而是它们太干了，就好比一根干骨头，大家嚼起来很没有味，也不知道该把他们往哪里放。

在这里我给大家提供一种比较切实可行迅速提高的练习方法，在接下来的时间里只要大家按照这个方法来，就一定会有收获。找历年真题，一周只需要写两篇，但是要这么来写：

1. 把你要写的内容要点用九到十句的汉语表达出来。

(1)可以用什么样的复杂句。

(2)怎样去避开不会的表达，转义。例如：

这本书是如此的有趣，以致于我读了一遍又一遍。

1)This book was so interesting that I read it again and again.

2)This was such an interesting book that I read it again and again.

3)This was so interesting a book that I read it again and again.

4)So interesting was this book that I read it again and again.

这四句译文当中无疑评卷老师最欣赏的是第四句，因为它用了倒装。

再例如：

如果征收门票，需要建大门、围墙，会影响城市形象。 这句话中肯定“收”那个动作很多同学不会表达，那能不能想一个转义的方式，既避开了“收”这个动作还能表达原句的含义。

A wall and a gate he to be built if there is an entrance fee, which doesn't the image of the city.

这个译文中用一个大家很熟悉的经典句型there be句型化险为夷。

4、如何备考

其实这种思维大家都有，但是没有成为一种思路，让它能在考试中起到作用，那是因为大家练得少。英语写作处在一种很尴尬的境地，一方面大家要分数，但另外一方面大家一个学期里写的作文也就是期中期末的两篇。毫不夸张地说，有的学生上了三年的高中可能只写了六篇作文，所以练习是很重要的，要是现在不练而把高考当练习，那么作文只拿14、15分也合情合理了，到那时你不要骂评卷老师不公平，而是应该问问自己备考的时候为什么不多练几篇，时间都是挤出来的，希望大家可以挤出时间来练写作。

高考英语写作，如何提升文章亮点？

(3)Currently there is a widespread concern that...

要想把一篇文章写好，不仅要注意行文通顺与连贯、过渡与衔接等，还要对文章进行润色，尝试使用高级词汇和复杂句式，以增加文章的亮点，给阅卷者留下深刻的印象。

一、巧设开头和结尾

1．开头

常见的开头方式有开门见山式、描述主题式、提供背景知识式、小故事式、提出问题式、设置悬念式、倒叙式和名言引入式等。虽然开头有着各式各样的风格，不能千篇一律，要因不同文章的需要而各异，但又有其共同遵循的原则：

开头多是通篇文章内容的摘要

开头常能展示文章的主题

用于文章开头的句型有：

(1)There is a general discussion today about the issue of...；Those who object to...argue that...；They beli that...；But people who for...，on the other hand，argue that...

(2)Faced with...，quite a few people argue that...；But other people conceive differently.

(4)Now people in growing number are coming to realize that...

(5)Now it is commonly held that...；But I doubt wher...

(6)Recently the issue of...has been brought to public attention.

(8)More and more people are realizing/he come to realize...

(9)There is no denying/doubt that...

2．结尾

结尾的方法有很多，如总结式、重复式、结论式、暗示式和求解式等。

结尾一般是文章的升华或对文章主题的归纳，也是写好文章的关键。好的结尾能唤起读者共鸣，深化主题，给人回味，引人深思。

用于文章结尾的句型有：

(1)From what has been discussed above/taking into account all these factors, we may safely arrive at/draw/come to/reach the conclusion that...

(2) It is high time that we put considerable/great/special emphasis on...

(3) We must look for all immediate mod, because the present situation of... if permitted to continue, will sure lead to/result in...

(4) Many solutions/mods are being offered here, all of them make some sense, but none is quite satisfactory. The problem should be examined in a new way.

(5) There is no immediate solution to the problem of..., but... might be ful/beneficial.

(6) No easy mod can be at hand to solve the problem of...，but the general awareness of the necessity/importance of... might be the first step on the right way.

(7) There is little doubt/denying that...

(8)It is, therefore, obvious/evident that the task of... require immediate attention.

(9) As far as...be concerned, I beli/think that...

(10) In conclusion，...

(11) In my opinion, I am in for of...

(12) Personally，I prefer to...

(13) In short，...should learn to...；Only in this way can the most difficult problems be solved properly.

(14) As far as I am concerned，I agree with the opinion that...

二、准确地道的英美式表达

1．注意区分同义词、近义词的细微异

a little boy小男孩(有可爱之意)

a all boy小男孩(强调身材瘦小)

2．恰当使用限定词

用词准确，从另一个角度来讲就是要使论述客观、适度，这就需要考生适当使用一些限定词，以避免观点的化，从而提高说服力和可信度。

He is the top student in our class.

He is one of the top students in our class.

3．注意词语的习惯搭配

用词准确不仅要求考生掌握具体单词的含义，还要熟悉词语的习惯搭配，一定要避免受汉语影响而出现错误。

Nobody is to be blamed for it.(F)

Nobody is to blame for it.(T)

4．避免口语化

高考作文一般应该使用较正式的书面文体，因此在写作时要避免使用口语化的词汇。

This is the best ho you can find here.

You can't find a better ho here.或Nowhere else can you find a better ho.

5．避免赘言啰嗦

赘句是指用词不简练。表达某一思想，本来只需要一两个词，却用了冗长的词组或者从句，如repeat again，return back，still remain，very perfect等。

三、提升表达结构

1．变简单句为并列句或复合句

Natural resources are very limited.They will be exhausted in the near future.It is not true.But it becomes a major concern around the world.This is a widely accepted fact.

It is a widely accepted fact that there is a major concern around the world for the exhaustion of limited natural resources in the near future，though it is unlikely to be true.

2．借用汇(介词，不定式等)压缩句子长度，提升句子品味

The flat has an area of 25 square metres and there is a bedroom，a bathroom，and a kitchen in it.

The flat has an area of 25 square metres with a bedroom，a bathroom and a kitchen.

Someone saw him studying hard in his study.

He was seen studying hard in his study.

4．语序调整

The scholar didn't write a single the whole term.

Not a single did the scholar write the whole term.

5．强调句式

You must write to me when you get there.

Do remember to write to me when you get there.

6．感叹及省略

Time flies like an arrow.

How time flies!

Look out for cars when you are crossing the street.

7．语气虚拟

You didn't take my a，so you failed in the exam.

If you had taken my a，you wouldn't he failed in the exam.

8．非谓语动词的使用

They sang and laughed as they went back to school.

Singing and laughing，they went back to school.

9．插入语

I think the book is well worth reading.

The book，in my opinion，is well worth reading.

10．格言To solve these problems, there are some measures for the authorities to take. Firstly, the government could implement more strict laws and rules to regulate the operation and mament of bicycle-sharing .Secondly, the public should raise their awareness of using shared bike reasonably. Lastly, transportation should be upgraded and improved to accommodate automobiles, bikes and pedestrians.警句的套用

(1)Where there is a will，there is a way.有志者，事竟成。

(2)Every coin has two sides.凡事皆有好坏。

(3)No pains，no gains.不劳无获。

(4)It's nr too late to learn.活到老学到老。

(5)Pract makes perfect.熟能生巧。

(6)One is nr too old to learn.学无止境。

(8)Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。

11．句式调换

He came here at 5 pm yesterday.

He didn't come here until 5 pm yesterday.

Not until/till 5 pm did he come here yesterday.